提到醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡檢查，大家馬上就會想到胃和大腸等消化器官檢查的工具的人可能比較多。醫(yī)用內(nèi)窺鏡發(fā)展至今有100多年了，如今已經(jīng)涉及到了很多很多方面。其實(shí)除了消化器官以外，針對不同臟器、或者不同的使用目的，還生產(chǎn)了非常多種類的內(nèi)窺鏡。按照目的不同，其粗細(xì)和長度也多種多樣。

When it comes to medical endoscopy, you will immediately think that there are more people who use the tools for the examination of stomach, large intestine and other digestive organs. Medical endoscope has been developed for more than 100 years, and now it has involved many aspects. In fact, in addition to digestive organs, there are many kinds of endoscopes for different organs or different purposes. According to different purposes, its thickness and length are also varied.

（1）腦內(nèi)窺鏡、（2）耳鼻喉內(nèi)窺鏡、（3）胸腔鏡、（4）支氣管內(nèi)窺鏡、（5）上消化道通用內(nèi)窺鏡、（6）腹腔鏡、（7）十二指腸鏡、（8）胰管鏡、（9）膽道鏡、（10）小腸內(nèi)窺鏡、（11）大腸內(nèi)窺鏡、（12）直腸鏡

(1) Brain endoscopy, (2) ent endoscopy, (3) thoracoscopy, (4) bronchial endoscopy, (5) upper gastrointestinal general endoscopy, (6) laparoscopy, (7) duodenoscopy, (8) pancreatic duct endoscopy, (9) choledochoscopy, (10) small intestine endoscopy, (11) large intestine endoscopy, (12) rectum endoscopy

泌尿科用內(nèi)窺鏡

Endoscope for urology

（13）經(jīng)皮腎鏡

(13) Percutaneous nephroscope

（14）膀胱尿道鏡、輸尿管鏡、前列腺電切鏡

(14) Cystourethroscope, ureteroscope and transurethral resection of prostate
           

婦產(chǎn)科用內(nèi)窺鏡

Endoscope for obstetrics and Gynecology

（15）子宮鏡、羊水鏡、盆腔鏡

(15) Hysteroscopy, amnioscopy, pelvic endoscopy

（16）關(guān)節(jié)鏡

(16) Arthroscopy

在觀察和治療中使用頻率較高的仍然是消化道用內(nèi)窺鏡。從使用目的上來看，首先是通過觀察找到病灶。除了用肉眼看以外，還可以通過照片或視頻進(jìn)行觀察，并采集使用顯微鏡診斷疾病所需的組織等。對于觀察胃和腸等管腔。

In the observation and treatment of high frequency is still the use of gastrointestinal endoscopy. From the purpose of use, the first is to find the focus through observation. In addition to the naked eye, it can also be observed through photos or videos, and the tissues needed for the diagnosis of diseases by microscope can be collected. For the observation of gastric and intestinal lumen.

臟器的內(nèi)部（粘膜）來說，可以說是很有效的檢查。

Internal organs (mucosa), can be said to be very effective examination.

此外，還可以進(jìn)行處置治療?？梢赃M(jìn)行病變部分的切除和止血、膽結(jié)石等的碎石排石、摘除異物等，帶來的肉體上、精神上的痛苦小于開腹手術(shù)。

In addition, it can also be treated. It can remove the diseased part and stop bleeding, remove gallstones and other stones, remove foreign bodies, and bring less physical and mental pain than open surgery.

如上所述，現(xiàn)在，內(nèi)窺鏡不再單純地用于觀察患處，而是已經(jīng)成為一種可以進(jìn)行組織采集、治療處置的非常有用的工具。

As mentioned above, endoscopy is no longer simply used to observe the affected area, but has become a very useful tool for tissue collection, treatment and disposal.

另一方面，為了防止內(nèi)窺鏡檢查引起的事故和感染等，醫(yī)生們非常努力地磨練技術(shù)，謹(jǐn)慎操作，不敢懈怠。同時，在清洗、消毒等設(shè)備維護(hù)保養(yǎng)方面也非常注意。

On the other hand, in order to prevent accidents and infections caused by endoscopy, doctors work very hard to hone their skills, operate cautiously and dare not slack off. At the same time, in cleaning, disinfection and other equipment maintenance is also very attention.