The term "endoscope" originated from Greek, in which "endo" refers to internal meaning. The appearance of endoscope not only extends the surgeon's eyes, but also greatly increases the resolution and clarity. On the operating table, we can often hear the chief surgeon say "closer", "farther" and "say goodbye" to the helper holding the mirror, but the helper can't satisfy him. It really means "I put my eyes on the lens, how to take the lens into the ditch". Next, I will take you to learn the basic knowledge of endoscope.

　　1概念

　　1 Concept

　　內窺鏡是一種常用的醫療器械.由導光束結構及一組鏡頭組成。經人體的天然孔道或經小切斷進入人體內，經過設備外部成像用于人體器官或安排的查看及手術治療。而臨床上常用的腹腔鏡歸于硬式內窺鏡，是指使用一系列光學柱狀晶體透鏡將影像傳送到接目鏡，并經過銜接獨立攝像頭進行成像的設備。

　　Endoscope is a kind of common medical equipment, which consists of a guiding beam structure and a set of lenses. Enter the human body through the natural channels or small cuts, and use the external imaging of the equipment for the inspection and surgical treatment of human organs or arrangements. The commonly used clinical laparoscope belongs to hard endoscope, which refers to the equipment that uses a series of optical cylindrical lens to transmit the image to the eyepiece, and then through the connection of independent camera for imaging.

　　2內窺鏡的分類

　　2 classification of endoscopes

　　按成像原理分：光學鏡（柱狀透鏡）、纖維鏡、電子鏡

　　According to imaging principle: optical mirror (cylindrical lens), fiber mirror and electronic mirror

　　按功用分：腹腔鏡、膀胱鏡、關節鏡、胃腸鏡、膽道鏡等

　　According to function: laparoscope, cystoscope, arthroscope, gastroenteroscope, choledochoscope, etc

　　按形態分：硬式內窺鏡、軟式內窺鏡

　　Classified by form: hard endoscope and soft endoscope

　　按用處分：腹腔鏡、電切鏡、鼻竇鏡等

　　Punishment according to use: laparoscope, electrosurgery, sinoscope, etc

　　按視點分：關于視點的描繪多數指的是硬式內窺鏡，依據查看部位的要求，提供不同的視野視點，可分為0°、12°、30°、70°等，應用于不同的手術科室。

　　According to the view point: the description of the view point mostly refers to the hard endoscope. According to the requirements of the viewing part, different view points can be provided, which can be divided into 0 °, 12 °, 30 °, 70 ° and so on. They are applied to different surgical departments.

　　3硬式內窺鏡的結構

　　3. Structure of hard endoscope

　　4硬式內窺鏡的色環

　　4 color ring of hard endoscope

　　內窺鏡有多種視點可選，咱們能夠經過不同的顏色標識就能夠知道鏡子的視點，具體如下：

　　There are many kinds of view points for endoscope. We can know the view point of the mirror through different color marks. The details are as follows:

　　看了這么多視點的鏡頭，是不是會有一種主意，能不能把各種視點的鏡頭合為一體呢？近年來，就有了一種新鏡頭—變色龍鏡（Endo Cameleon），它在0°-120°之間能夠調整視野視點，經過旋轉調節鏡頭前端的物鏡，實現視向視點無縫切換，與現有的10mm腹腔鏡鏡頭相比，大大擴展了應用規模!

　　After seeing so many views of the lens, is there an idea, can we put all kinds of views of the lens into one? In recent years, there has been a new lens, the endo cameleon, which can adjust the field of view between 0 ° - 120 °. After rotating and adjusting the objective lens at the front of the lens, it can realize the seamless switching of the view point. Compared with the existing 10 mm laparoscopic lens, it has greatly expanded the application scale!

　　鏡中世界千百態，覺知此事要實踐。要想用好內窺鏡就要對其原理有深入的了解，內窺鏡延展了外科醫師的視野，使微創手術得以實現，為廣大患者帶來了福音。鏡下世界，原來如此，不知小編的介紹對你是否有用，你是否存有疑問，歡迎大家提問！

　　There are thousands of states in the world in the mirror. If we want to use the endoscope well, we need to have a deep understanding of its principle. The endoscope extends the vision of the surgeon, enables the minimally invasive surgery to be realized, and brings the gospel for the majority of patients. The world under the mirror, so it is. I wonder if the introduction of Xiaobian is useful to you and if you have any questions. Welcome to ask!