輸尿管軟鏡取腎結石技術，單純適用于2cm以下腎結石，發展到結合其它輔助手術設備，適用于2cm以上包括柱狀結石和鹿角狀結石，大致方法如下：
The technique of flexible ureteroscopy for kidney stones less than 2 cm was developed to be suitable for more than 2 cm including columnar stones and staghorn stones
1、提前一周置入輸尿管支架管，建立手術通道；
1. The ureteral stent was inserted one week in advance to establish the operation channel;
2、通過輸尿管置入軟鏡鞘，輸尿管軟鏡經軟鏡鞘進入腎盂，在顯示屏監視下激光碎石，最后輸尿管再置輸尿管支架，避免輸尿管狹窄；
2. The flexible ureteroscope sheath was inserted through the ureter. The flexible ureteroscope entered the renal pelvis through the flexible lens sheath. Laser lithotripsy was performed under the monitoring of the display screen. Finally, ureteral stent was placed in the ureter to avoid ureteral stricture;
3、術后觀察結石清除率，若排出徹底，可在一月后拔出輸尿管支架管，若仍有殘余結石，需依據病情評估，選擇合適治療方案。
3. After the operation, the stone clearance rate was observed. If the stone was discharged completely, the ureteral stent could be pulled out one month later. If there are still residual stones, the appropriate treatment should be selected according to the assessment of the disease condition.
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